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FMC设置秘诀

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发表于 2014-2-5 14:09:54 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式
梅玺阁主翻译
原文地址:http://forums.x-plane.org/index.php?showtopic=66345&page=1
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我有一个玩AVSIM的朋友希望我帮助他设置B777-200上的FMC。於是我写了一个很长的私信给他,后者我想可能其他的一些新飞机员也会被B777与其它机型的细微差别所困扰。




所以如果你飞Ramzzess B777 Worldliner, 这就是为你写的:(梅玺阁主注:原文是this Bud's for you,这是百威啤酒的广告语,很酷很容易让人记住)




还需要更多的信息?请参考由Ramzzess在Youtube上发布的关於Boeing 777的视频。(梅玺阁主注:靠,又是墙外的,哪位小伙伴做搬运工啊?我倒是看得到,但上载太麻烦了,没准我会放到www.yuleshow.com去,下一步吧 )




你必须观看这些视频以得知如何正确地启动飞机以及如果调出菜单以便加油。不要使用X-Plane自带的加油屏幕来加油——B777必须在引擎关闭、地面电源组接通、并且从机首数起第二排的两扇门都开著的时候才能加油!当加油的时候,777的菜单必须保持打开,当然你可以把菜单拖到一边去同时开始配置飞机。




我在这里写的指示只针对Ramzzess Aviation出产的X-plane插件波音777。如果你还没有这架飞机的话,考虑买一架吧。单单FMC本身,就比X-plane中的其它飞机先进上好多光年,甚至可以打败某个竞争对手的收费FMC。




坏消息是这架777强迫你在引擎关闭的情况下加油,就象真实世界一样。你永远也不可能给一架发动著的飞机加油,是不是?所以,你一步步地在菜单上连续地面电源,打开舱门,再加油,然后再启动飞机,随后调出FMC来设定飞机计划以及相关的性能与用油数据。




为了预计油量,到 www.fuelplanner.com 这个网站。你需要先注册才能免费使用它的下拉菜单功能以使用磅(VATSIM连线飞行中使用的美制单位)和公斤(X-plan中777使用的公制单位)。在计划窗口中确保在AIRPLANE中选用了Boeing 777-200,然后在DEPARTURE和DESTINATION中分别输入起降机场的ICAO代码(举例中使用KLAX到KLAS),然后在FuelPlanner.com上按LOADSHEET按钮。




哇,你的燃油荷戴表(fuel load sheet)就生成了,这里包括了储备燃油(reserve fuel),飞行所需燃油(fuel to be used in flight),预计航行时间(梅玺阁主注:estimated time of flight,也叫block time,后者专业词典中叫做“轮档时间”,听上去有点象切口是不是?),备用飞行时间,以及放空时间(TIME TO EMPTY)。还有,成本指数(cost index,表上显示为CI)也已经准备好了,同时还有乘客数量以及货舱重量。你使用这些数据来决定你要输入到Ramzzess菜单中的油量,然后在主菜单中按LOAD FUEL按钮来加油。




777使用公制油量而非“磅”。所以以你必须在fuelplanner.com网站注册才能选择KILOGRAMS。这个网站是免费的,你一分钱也不用付。一旦你注册并且登录了fuelplanner.com,记得选择METRIC而非IMPERIAL,这可是关键!(阁主注:为什麼看上去象是fuelplanner.com的托呢?哈哈)




用飞机的菜单输入燃油数据,然后用LOAD FUEL键加油。一条进程条会从右到左地显示加油过程。




加完油之后,你就可以开始“发动前”(pre-start)的例行操作了。




在此之前,你需要一个飞行计划。我使用FlightAware.com来获得真实世界商业航线的真实飞行计划。在起飞城市输入"Los Angeles"并且在降落城市输入"Las Vegas",然后你可以在路线的两端看到下拉式菜单列出了两个城市的相关机场。我为Los Angeles选择KLAX机场(洛杉矶国际机场),同时为Las Vegas选择了McCarren International(麦卡伦国际机场)机场。然后是一些航班例表。选择一个还没有起飞的航班,你就可以看到飞行计划了。 我选择了一条美国航空American Airlines的AAL182航班。缩写的飞行计划为Loop 6, Dagget, Kepec3。如果你不想从FMC的菜单中选择标准进离场程序,那麼所有的相关细节都必须由你手工输入,两种方法都可以,纯粹主义者(阁主注:原文是purists,要是趁我心的话,我更愿意译作“偏执狂”或者“处女座”)更乐忠於把航点一个个输入FMC。我在下面描述我使用的方式,你可以同我一样干。




这里是由FlightAware解码的全程航路
(原文配图)




飞行员注意:你依然需要起降航图。LOOP6的离场航图可以给你离场跑道的相关指示。这些指示是细节化的,包含了高度和速度限制信息,以及计划转向等所有SID标准离场的部分。所以需要根据你的指定跑道(由空管给出),查看相关的程序(LOOP6)航图来决定哪些事是必须做的。举例来说,LOOP6从KLAX机场的25R跑道起飞,沿著跑道(250度)飞行直到过了SMO(Santa Monica VOR)径向160度。这时,左转朝新的航向235度飞并且保持这个航向直到空管给你新的方向和高度(阁主注:这里是VECTORS,直译是“矢量”,其实就是方向和速度,还有高度)。一旦转向到了计划中的235度,就按照离场程序航序保持这个航向,直到空管给你一个新方向来重组离场程序。




典型的空管对话将会是"American 211 Heavy, turn left DIRECT to Los Angeles (LAX) VOR, rejoin the loop 6 departure"。这时,打开FMC,按LAX这个航点(应该是航路段列表中上面数下来的第二个),然后"LAX"会显示在FMC底部的scratchpad(就是左下角的输入框的位置)上。然后按LSK(左例按键)1来把LAX移到航路段的顶上并且按下EXECUTE。接下来是一个左转,这时按下LNAV按钮。在继续到下一个航点KEGGS之前,飞机会完成左转并且飞越LAX机场。
(梅玺阁主注:原文在这里有点乱,作者前面是拿标准离场打比方,此时飞机实际没有起飞,甚至还没有开始配置FMC)




最终,你将会准备好初始化FMC并且把飞行计划和性能数据输入到FMC中去。




当飞机静止并且停在跑道上进,你必须初始化飞机的位置。这使得FMC可以正确地计算飞行计划。在头部上方的仪表盘中,ADIRU必须点亮(阁主注:Air Data Inertial Reference Unit,大气数据惯性基准组件),飞机要加好了油并且使用地面电源(外部电源)。在FMC上,按INDEX然后按POS INIT,在FMC的右例按GPS POS钮把当前的位置拷贝到FMC的暂存行上,然后再按一下右例键的第5个把飞机的位置输入到FMC中。


(待续)


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16#
飞行员  发表于 2017-4-23 18:18:06
The detrimental impact sleep apnea has on the lives of countless sufferers is a very serious matter. Fortunately, with a bit of knowledge and research, it is possible for just about anyone to learn effective techniques for managing the condition. Review the ideas below for some useful information about battling sleep apnea successfully.

If you suffer from sleep apnea, you should use a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure machine while sleeping. This will help you treat your sleep apnea and get you on the path to having a full nights sleep. This machine uses either a face or nasal mask to pump air while you sleep.

If you have just been diagnosed with sleep apnea and prescribed a CPAP, join a CPAP support group. It can be quite difficult to get used to sleeping with a mask on your face every night. Sitting in a room full of other people going through the same thing can be very empowering. You can learn from others who have had the same issues you are having and made adjustments to make it work.

If you have sleep apnea and cannot break the habit of sleeping on your back, try sleeping in a t-shirt with two tennis balls sewn into the back. Making this sleep shirt is a simple project to do at home, and it can help to break you of sleeping on your back. Every time you try to roll over on your back in your sleep, the tennis balls will remind you to roll back onto your side.

Understand the effects that smoking and drinking alcohol have on sleep apnea, if you are trying to get a grip on your quality of sleep. Smoking enlarges airways, while alcohol can relax them too much, both of which will contribute to the symptoms of sleep apnea severely. Consider making the necessary cut-backs that will cut down on your sleep problems.

Drink one cup of caffeinated coffee a few hours before you go to sleep. It may seem silly to drink a caffeine drink at night, but this can actually help keep your throat open while you sleep. You may have to play around with what time you drink the coffee to avoid restlessness.

Sleep apnea does not go away on its own; patients need treatment. Some treatments work better for different people. If you lose weight you will help your sleep apnea, but this is not always the cause. CPAP machines are considered non-invasive, and many people use them successfully. Others prefer surgery to relieve their sleep apnea. Choose whichever method you think will work for you so you may begin to live a happy and comfortable life.

A great way to know if you are experiencing severe apnea is to keep a sleep journal. Write down all the times that you wake up in the night and also record how you feel in the morning. This will help you to have a record to see your progress.

People who use alcohol, sedatives, and sleeping pills are far more likely to suffer from sleep apnea. This is because these drugs will relax the throat and cause their breathing to be impaired. Using these drugs before bedtime is more likely to cause sleep apnea than using these drugs during the day.

If you are concerned that you may suffer from sleep apnea, it is important to be diagnosed right away. This way, you can start getting the treatment you need as quickly as possible. The advice you have read in this article can help you find the relief you need from this troublesome condition.

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15#
发表于 2017-4-10 17:51:38 | 只看该作者
感谢分享 教学   
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14#
发表于 2017-4-1 11:00:45 | 只看该作者
這架飛機的FMC真的做得不錯,推薦。加油依定要用自帶的面板有點小不方便
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13#
发表于 2017-3-17 15:52:25 | 只看该作者
感谢分享,收藏学习!
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12#
飞行员  发表于 2017-3-16 20:08:44
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11#
发表于 2016-11-13 10:18:25 | 只看该作者
支持分享,支持分享
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10#
发表于 2016-10-8 13:49:53 | 只看该作者
不错的教学,谢谢楼主分享!
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9#
发表于 2016-8-26 15:50:10 | 只看该作者
真不错!谢谢!
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8#
发表于 2016-8-5 21:44:25 | 只看该作者
谢谢楼主十分感谢
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